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KATALOG 2010
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Biogenex antibodies with IVD CE marking November
NEW Biogenex Antibodies for IVD with CE Marking
Each antibody is available in these sizes:
- 1ml concentrated
- 6ml manual ready to use
- 10ml automated ready to use
Rabbit Monoclonal Antibodies
Anti – p27(Kip1)
p27(Kip1) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor involved in G1 arrest.
p27(Kip1) binds to and inhibits cyclinE-CDK2 complex, cyclinA-CDK2 and cyclinD1-CDK4.
p27(Kip1) is regulated by phosphorylation on serine 10 (S10) and threonine 187 (T187). Phosphorylation by CDK2 on T187 results in ubiquitylation and degradation of p27(Kip1); while phosphorylation by hKIS on S10 signals the nuclear export to the cytoplasm.
Anti – CD21
CD21, also known as CR2, is a transmembrane protein that serves as the complement receptor for C3d and the Epstein-Barr virus.
CD21 is found on mature human B cells.
CD21 interacts with the p53 anti-oncoprotein, the p68 calcium binding protein and the nuclear p120 ribonucleoprotein to regulate their functions. Phosphorylation of CD21 inhibits its interaction with the nuclear p120 ribonucleoprotein.
Anti-CD21 is useful in the identification of follicular dendritic cell matrix found in normal lymph nodes and tonsillar tissue. The antigen is absent on T-lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes.
Anti – Wilm's Tumor
Wilm's Tumor (WT) is a 55 kDa protein thought to play a major role in various tumors and developmental disorders, commonly kidney tumors and glomerular diseases.
WT is a zinc finger transcription factor that is mutated in Wilm's Tumors and highly expressed in a wide variety of other tumors. It is believed that WT in its two isoforms acts as both a transcription factor and a post transcriptional regulator that binds RNA and can interact with splicing components.
Mutations in the zinc finger regions of WT are highly associated with Denys-Drash syndrome and somehow associated with isolated diffuse mesangial sclerosis. Also, mutations leading to the loss of the transcription factor isoform have been observed in all samples with Frasier syndrome.
Anti – Cytokeratin 6
The cytokeratin 6 (CK6) is expressed in a heterogeneous array of epithelial tissues under normal conditions, but is better known for its strong induction in stratified epithelia that feature an enhanced cell proliferation rate or abnormal differentiation.
CK6 shows a complex regulation with constitutive and inducible components in several stratified epithelia, including the oral mucosa and skin.
CK6 is strongly expressed in about 75% of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
Anti – Transthyretin / Prealbumin
Transthyretin, also known as Prealbumin (TTR) is a hormone-binding protein that participates in the plasma transport of both thyroxine and retinol (vitamin A).
Transthyretin concentrations are disproportionately high in human ventricular CSF.
It is reported to be either selectively transported across or synthesized within the blood-CSF barrier. Over 80 different disease-causing mutations in transthyretin have been reported. The vast majority is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and is related to amyloid deposition, affecting predominantly peripheral nerve and/or the heart. A small portion of transthyretin mutations are apparently non-amyloidogenic.
The human amyloid disorders, familial amyloid polyneuropathy, familial amyloid cardiomyopathy and senile systemic amyloidosis, are caused by insoluble transthyretin fibrils.
Transthyretin has a structural complementarity to double-helical DNA, where the proposed binding site is composed of two symmetry-related beta-sheets containing a pair of helically disposed arms.
Anti – Calponin-1
Calponin is a smooth muscle specific, actin-, tropomysin- and calmodulin- binding protein thought to be involved in regulation of actomyosin as well as the regulation or modulation of contraction.
Calponin binds filamentous actin (F-actin) through two distinct sites ABS1 and ABS2, with an affinity in the low micromolar range.
Immuno reactivity for Calponin, along with alpha-smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chains, confirms the known neoplastic myoepithelial component of adenoid cystic carcinomas and epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas.
The consistently positive staining pattern in adenoid cystic carcinomas may be diagnostically useful in discriminating histologically similar but consistently negative polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinomas.
Anti – MMP-9
92-kDa Type IV collagenase (MMP-9), a member of matrix metalloproteinase’s, is believed to play a critical role in physiological tissue-remodeling processes and also in many pathological conditions such as tumor invasion.
The induction of proteolytic enzymes is an important mechanism in the migration of monocytes into tissues and body fluids.
MMP-9 is secreted from neutrophils, macrophages, and a number of transformed cells in zymogen form MMP-9/gelatinase B is upregulated in angiogenic dysplasias and invasive tumors of the epidermis in a mouse model of multi-stage tumorigenesis elicited by HPV16 oncogenes.
MMP-9 is predominantly expressed in neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells, rather than in oncogene-positive neoplastic cells.
Anti – Survivin
Survivin is a unique member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein family that interferes with post-mitochondrial events including activation of caspases.
Survivin regulates cell cycle and is expressed in most tumors, but it is barely detectable in the terminally differentiated normal cells and tissues.
Survivin is expressed in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. At the beginning of mitosis,
Survivin associates with microtubules of the mitotic spindle in a specific and saturable reaction that is regulated by microtubule dynamics.
Disruption of survivin-microtubule interactions results in loss of survivin's anti-apoptosis function and increased caspase-3 activity, a mechanism involved in cell death, during mitosis.
Anti – ZAP-70
Zap-70, a Syk-family protein tyrosine kinase, plays a critical role in mediating T cell signal transduction in response to T cell receptor (TCR) activation.
TCR-mediated activation of the Src-family kinases, Lck and Fyn, results in tyrosine phosphorylation of the TCR zeta and CD3 chains. These domains serve as targets for binding of ZAP-70 via its tandem SH2 domains.
This binding correlates with activation of ZAP-70, a critical event in T cell activation.
Following TCR engagement, ZAP-70 is phosphorylated on several tyrosine residues, presumably by two mechanisms: an autophosphorylation and a trans-phosphorylation by the Srcfamily tyrosine kinase, Lck.
Phosphorylation of Tyr319 is required for full activation and increased positive downstream regulation by ZAP-70 .
Anti – Ep-CAM / Epithelial Antigen
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) is a monomeric membrane glycoprotein that is expressed on virtually all epithelial cell membranes and on a variety of epithelial carcinomas.
Ep-CAM is overexpressed in a variety of human carcinomas.
Ep-CAM contains an extracellular domain with two epidermal growth factor-like repeats, followed by a cysteine-poor region, which are necessary for the adhesion properties of the molecule.
Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies
Anti – CD1a
At least five CD1 genes (CD1a, b, c, d, and e) are identified. CD1 is expressed on cortical thymocytes, Langerhans cells, and dendritic cells. It is absent on mature peripheral blood T cells but intracytoplasmic expression is detected on activated T lymphocytes.
CD1 proteins have been demonstrated to restrict T-cell response to non-peptide lipid and glycolipid antigens and play a role in non-classical antigen presentation.
This antibody detects cortical thymocytes, Langerhans cells in epidermis, dendritic cells of dermis and Langherhans cells of mucosa of tonsil.
It may also detect small focal groups of lymphocytes outside the germinal centers of tonsil indicating a crossreaction with CD1b.
This antibody is useful in the characterization of leukaemias and lymphomas.
Anti – Fascin
Human fascin is a highly conserved actin-bundling protein. Fascin, encoded by the human homolog for sn (hsn) gene, has been localized to microspikes and stress fibers of cultured cells where it is thought to be involved in the formation of microfilament
bundles.
It is expressed predominantly in dendritic cells. Lymphoid cells, myeloid cells and plasma cells are negative. However, Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin’s lymphoma are positive for fascin staining.
Epstein-Barr virus may induce expression of fascin in B cells.
Anti – Glut-1
Glucose is fundamental to the metabolism in mammalian cells. Several glucose transporter protein (Glut) isoforms have been identified and shown to function in response to insulin and IGF-1 induced signaling.
GLUT-1 is associated with many human tissues including those of the colon, lung, stomach, esophagus, and breast.
GLUT-1 immunoreactivity in some cancers, including trans carcinoma of the urinary bladder, has been associated with aggressive behavior.
Anti – PAX-5
Pax5, or BSAP (B-cell lineage-specific activator protein), is a transcription factor that is important for B-lineage commitment and progression of B-cell development beyond the early pro-B (pre-B1) cell stage. Pax5 may play important roles in B-cell differentiation and
spermatogenesis.
The Pax5 gene is a member of the Pax family of transcription factors. The central feature of the Pax gene family is a novel, highly conserved DNA-binding motif known as the paired box.
The Pax proteins are important regulators in early development, and alterations in the expression of their genes are thought to contribute to neoplastic transformation.
The Pax5 gene encodes the B-cell lineage specific activator protein (BSAP) that is expressed at early, but not late stages of B-cell differentiation.
Its expression has also been detected in developing CNS and adult testis therefore, Pax5 gene product may not only play an important role in B-cell differentiation, but also in neural development and spermatogenesis.
Anti – MSH6
Inherited (germline) mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes such as MLH1, MSH2, MSH3, and MSH6 are the major causes of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome.
A characteristic of HNPCC tumors is microsatellite instability (MSI). Detection of microsatellite instability in a tumor sample will increase the probability of detecting a germline mutation in a DNA mismatch repair gene from the tumor sample. Thus, MSI analysis is usually performed prior to proceeding with full mutation analysis of mismatch repair genes.
Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of suspected HNPCC tumor samples has come into favor as a means of screening tissues which may carry a mutation or a deletion in one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes.
Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
Anti – Myeloperoxidase
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an important enzyme used by granulocytes during phagocytic lysis of foreign particles engulfed.
In normal tissues and in a variety of myeloproliferative disorders myeloid cells of both neutrophilic and eosinophilic types, at all stages of maturation, exhibit strong cytoplasmic reactivity for MPO.
Erythroid precursors, megakaryocytes, lymphoid cells, mast cells, and plasma cells are nonreactive.
MPO is not observed in the neoplastic cells of a wide variety of epithelial tumors and sarcomas. It is useful in differentiating myeloid and lymphoid leukemias.
Each antibody is available in these sizes:
- 1ml concentrated
- 6ml manual ready to use
- 10ml automated ready to use
Rabbit Monoclonal Antibodies
Anti – p27(Kip1)
p27(Kip1) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor involved in G1 arrest.
p27(Kip1) binds to and inhibits cyclinE-CDK2 complex, cyclinA-CDK2 and cyclinD1-CDK4.
p27(Kip1) is regulated by phosphorylation on serine 10 (S10) and threonine 187 (T187). Phosphorylation by CDK2 on T187 results in ubiquitylation and degradation of p27(Kip1); while phosphorylation by hKIS on S10 signals the nuclear export to the cytoplasm.
Anti – CD21
CD21, also known as CR2, is a transmembrane protein that serves as the complement receptor for C3d and the Epstein-Barr virus.
CD21 is found on mature human B cells.
CD21 interacts with the p53 anti-oncoprotein, the p68 calcium binding protein and the nuclear p120 ribonucleoprotein to regulate their functions. Phosphorylation of CD21 inhibits its interaction with the nuclear p120 ribonucleoprotein.
Anti-CD21 is useful in the identification of follicular dendritic cell matrix found in normal lymph nodes and tonsillar tissue. The antigen is absent on T-lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes.
Anti – Wilm's Tumor
Wilm's Tumor (WT) is a 55 kDa protein thought to play a major role in various tumors and developmental disorders, commonly kidney tumors and glomerular diseases.
WT is a zinc finger transcription factor that is mutated in Wilm's Tumors and highly expressed in a wide variety of other tumors. It is believed that WT in its two isoforms acts as both a transcription factor and a post transcriptional regulator that binds RNA and can interact with splicing components.
Mutations in the zinc finger regions of WT are highly associated with Denys-Drash syndrome and somehow associated with isolated diffuse mesangial sclerosis. Also, mutations leading to the loss of the transcription factor isoform have been observed in all samples with Frasier syndrome.
Anti – Cytokeratin 6
The cytokeratin 6 (CK6) is expressed in a heterogeneous array of epithelial tissues under normal conditions, but is better known for its strong induction in stratified epithelia that feature an enhanced cell proliferation rate or abnormal differentiation.
CK6 shows a complex regulation with constitutive and inducible components in several stratified epithelia, including the oral mucosa and skin.
CK6 is strongly expressed in about 75% of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
Anti – Transthyretin / Prealbumin
Transthyretin, also known as Prealbumin (TTR) is a hormone-binding protein that participates in the plasma transport of both thyroxine and retinol (vitamin A).
Transthyretin concentrations are disproportionately high in human ventricular CSF.
It is reported to be either selectively transported across or synthesized within the blood-CSF barrier. Over 80 different disease-causing mutations in transthyretin have been reported. The vast majority is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and is related to amyloid deposition, affecting predominantly peripheral nerve and/or the heart. A small portion of transthyretin mutations are apparently non-amyloidogenic.
The human amyloid disorders, familial amyloid polyneuropathy, familial amyloid cardiomyopathy and senile systemic amyloidosis, are caused by insoluble transthyretin fibrils.
Transthyretin has a structural complementarity to double-helical DNA, where the proposed binding site is composed of two symmetry-related beta-sheets containing a pair of helically disposed arms.
Anti – Calponin-1
Calponin is a smooth muscle specific, actin-, tropomysin- and calmodulin- binding protein thought to be involved in regulation of actomyosin as well as the regulation or modulation of contraction.
Calponin binds filamentous actin (F-actin) through two distinct sites ABS1 and ABS2, with an affinity in the low micromolar range.
Immuno reactivity for Calponin, along with alpha-smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chains, confirms the known neoplastic myoepithelial component of adenoid cystic carcinomas and epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas.
The consistently positive staining pattern in adenoid cystic carcinomas may be diagnostically useful in discriminating histologically similar but consistently negative polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinomas.
Anti – MMP-9
92-kDa Type IV collagenase (MMP-9), a member of matrix metalloproteinase’s, is believed to play a critical role in physiological tissue-remodeling processes and also in many pathological conditions such as tumor invasion.
The induction of proteolytic enzymes is an important mechanism in the migration of monocytes into tissues and body fluids.
MMP-9 is secreted from neutrophils, macrophages, and a number of transformed cells in zymogen form MMP-9/gelatinase B is upregulated in angiogenic dysplasias and invasive tumors of the epidermis in a mouse model of multi-stage tumorigenesis elicited by HPV16 oncogenes.
MMP-9 is predominantly expressed in neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells, rather than in oncogene-positive neoplastic cells.
Anti – Survivin
Survivin is a unique member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein family that interferes with post-mitochondrial events including activation of caspases.
Survivin regulates cell cycle and is expressed in most tumors, but it is barely detectable in the terminally differentiated normal cells and tissues.
Survivin is expressed in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. At the beginning of mitosis,
Survivin associates with microtubules of the mitotic spindle in a specific and saturable reaction that is regulated by microtubule dynamics.
Disruption of survivin-microtubule interactions results in loss of survivin's anti-apoptosis function and increased caspase-3 activity, a mechanism involved in cell death, during mitosis.
Anti – ZAP-70
Zap-70, a Syk-family protein tyrosine kinase, plays a critical role in mediating T cell signal transduction in response to T cell receptor (TCR) activation.
TCR-mediated activation of the Src-family kinases, Lck and Fyn, results in tyrosine phosphorylation of the TCR zeta and CD3 chains. These domains serve as targets for binding of ZAP-70 via its tandem SH2 domains.
This binding correlates with activation of ZAP-70, a critical event in T cell activation.
Following TCR engagement, ZAP-70 is phosphorylated on several tyrosine residues, presumably by two mechanisms: an autophosphorylation and a trans-phosphorylation by the Srcfamily tyrosine kinase, Lck.
Phosphorylation of Tyr319 is required for full activation and increased positive downstream regulation by ZAP-70 .
Anti – Ep-CAM / Epithelial Antigen
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) is a monomeric membrane glycoprotein that is expressed on virtually all epithelial cell membranes and on a variety of epithelial carcinomas.
Ep-CAM is overexpressed in a variety of human carcinomas.
Ep-CAM contains an extracellular domain with two epidermal growth factor-like repeats, followed by a cysteine-poor region, which are necessary for the adhesion properties of the molecule.
Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies
Anti – CD1a
At least five CD1 genes (CD1a, b, c, d, and e) are identified. CD1 is expressed on cortical thymocytes, Langerhans cells, and dendritic cells. It is absent on mature peripheral blood T cells but intracytoplasmic expression is detected on activated T lymphocytes.
CD1 proteins have been demonstrated to restrict T-cell response to non-peptide lipid and glycolipid antigens and play a role in non-classical antigen presentation.
This antibody detects cortical thymocytes, Langerhans cells in epidermis, dendritic cells of dermis and Langherhans cells of mucosa of tonsil.
It may also detect small focal groups of lymphocytes outside the germinal centers of tonsil indicating a crossreaction with CD1b.
This antibody is useful in the characterization of leukaemias and lymphomas.
Anti – Fascin
Human fascin is a highly conserved actin-bundling protein. Fascin, encoded by the human homolog for sn (hsn) gene, has been localized to microspikes and stress fibers of cultured cells where it is thought to be involved in the formation of microfilament
bundles.
It is expressed predominantly in dendritic cells. Lymphoid cells, myeloid cells and plasma cells are negative. However, Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin’s lymphoma are positive for fascin staining.
Epstein-Barr virus may induce expression of fascin in B cells.
Anti – Glut-1
Glucose is fundamental to the metabolism in mammalian cells. Several glucose transporter protein (Glut) isoforms have been identified and shown to function in response to insulin and IGF-1 induced signaling.
GLUT-1 is associated with many human tissues including those of the colon, lung, stomach, esophagus, and breast.
GLUT-1 immunoreactivity in some cancers, including trans carcinoma of the urinary bladder, has been associated with aggressive behavior.
Anti – PAX-5
Pax5, or BSAP (B-cell lineage-specific activator protein), is a transcription factor that is important for B-lineage commitment and progression of B-cell development beyond the early pro-B (pre-B1) cell stage. Pax5 may play important roles in B-cell differentiation and
spermatogenesis.
The Pax5 gene is a member of the Pax family of transcription factors. The central feature of the Pax gene family is a novel, highly conserved DNA-binding motif known as the paired box.
The Pax proteins are important regulators in early development, and alterations in the expression of their genes are thought to contribute to neoplastic transformation.
The Pax5 gene encodes the B-cell lineage specific activator protein (BSAP) that is expressed at early, but not late stages of B-cell differentiation.
Its expression has also been detected in developing CNS and adult testis therefore, Pax5 gene product may not only play an important role in B-cell differentiation, but also in neural development and spermatogenesis.
Anti – MSH6
Inherited (germline) mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes such as MLH1, MSH2, MSH3, and MSH6 are the major causes of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome.
A characteristic of HNPCC tumors is microsatellite instability (MSI). Detection of microsatellite instability in a tumor sample will increase the probability of detecting a germline mutation in a DNA mismatch repair gene from the tumor sample. Thus, MSI analysis is usually performed prior to proceeding with full mutation analysis of mismatch repair genes.
Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of suspected HNPCC tumor samples has come into favor as a means of screening tissues which may carry a mutation or a deletion in one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes.
Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
Anti – Myeloperoxidase
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an important enzyme used by granulocytes during phagocytic lysis of foreign particles engulfed.
In normal tissues and in a variety of myeloproliferative disorders myeloid cells of both neutrophilic and eosinophilic types, at all stages of maturation, exhibit strong cytoplasmic reactivity for MPO.
Erythroid precursors, megakaryocytes, lymphoid cells, mast cells, and plasma cells are nonreactive.
MPO is not observed in the neoplastic cells of a wide variety of epithelial tumors and sarcomas. It is useful in differentiating myeloid and lymphoid leukemias.